The Language of Old Tathar

Natively known as:Tatar/ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/

…and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind…

ci gız belp bi gız lel ci sös gız kilihi sıp celce ne

Pronunciation : /ʤi gɯz belp bi gɯz lel ʤi søs gɯz kilihi sɯp ʤelʤe ne/

Old Tathar word order : and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory : b d g h j k l m n n̪ p r s t v z ŋ ɣ ɫ ɰ ɾ ʃ ʤ ʧ β

↓Manner/Place→

Bilabial

Labiodental

Dental

Alveolar

Palato-alveolar

Palatal

Velar

Glottal

Nasal

m

n

ŋ

Stop

p b

t d

k g

Affricate

ʧ ʤ

Fricative

β

v

s z

ʃ

ɣ

h

Approximant

j

ɰ

Tap

ɾ

Trill

r

Lateral approximant

l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→

Velarized alveolar

Lateral approximant

ɫ

Vowel inventory : a e i o u y ø ɯ

Front

Back

High

i y

ɯ u

High-mid

e ø

o

Low

a

Syllable structure : Custom defined

Stress pattern : No stress

Spelling rules :

Pronunciation

Spelling

ɣ

ğ

ɾ

r

ʃ

ş

ʤ

c

ʧ

ç

y

ü

j

y

ø

ö

ɯ

ı

Grammar

Main word order : Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key .

Adjective order : Adjectives are positioned before the noun.

Adposition : postpositions

Nouns

Singular

If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Prefix zo-

Else: Prefix ze-

zozuz /zozuz/ dog

Plural

No affix

zuz /zuz/ dogs

Articles

Old Tathar has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

1st singular

hu /hu/ I, me, mine

2nd singular

la /la/ you, yours

3rd singular masc

gız /gɯz/ he, him, his, it, its

3rd singular fem

i /i/ she, her, hers, it, its

1st plural

lun /lun/ we, us, ours

2nd plural

paş /paʃ/ you all, yours (pl)

3rd plural

ır /ɯɾ/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

1st singular

hu /hu/ my

2nd singular

la /la/ your

3rd singular masc

gız /gɯz/ his

3rd singular fem

i /i/ her

1st plural

lun /lun/ our

2nd plural

paş /paʃ/ your (pl)

3rd plural

ır /ɯɾ/ their

Verbs

Old Tathar uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past

Particle before the verb: vɯʃ -

vış datmı /vɯʃ datmɯ/ learned

Old Tathar uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: gɯɾ -

gır datmı /gɯɾ datmɯ/ will learn

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.

Old Tathar uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Prefix mɯ-

Else: Prefix mø-

mıdatmı /mɯdatmɯ/ have learned

Numbers

Old Tathar has a base-10 number system:

1 - şö

2 - üz

3 - co

4 - ı

5 - hi

6 - de

7 - prı

8 - en

9 - re

10 - seldil

Hundred - çam

Thousand - zönre

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -ɯʃk

Else: Suffix -eʃk

Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -o

Else: Suffix -ø

Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -an

Else: Suffix -yn

Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -o

Else: Suffix -y

Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -u

Else: Suffix -i

Noun to verb = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -on

Else: Suffix -in

Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -uh

Else: Suffix -eh

Tending to = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -a

Else: Suffix -i

Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -al

Else: Suffix -yl

Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -um

Else: Suffix -ym

One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -ɯʃ

Else: Suffix -iʃ

Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -ulp

Else: Suffix -ylp

Diminutive = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -an

Else: Suffix -in

Augmentative = If contains {a,ɯ,u,o}: Suffix -a

Else: Suffix -i

Table of Contents

Dictionary

3024 Words.

Root Languages

  • Oldcommon

Spoken by

  • Antediluvians
  • Tathar